目前舰船上仍大量使用传统材料，而近年来新型材料的发展优化了舰船的设计及性能。本文从材料的角度为船舶的减振降噪提供新策略。主要介绍新型阻尼材料、负泊松比材料、超磁致伸缩材料、功能梯度材料、声子晶体和声子玻璃这几种当下热门的新型材料，分别阐述其作用机理，目前国内外的发展现状，并简要分析它们在船舶减振降噪方面的应用前景，希望能为未来新材料在舰船上的应用提供参考。
Traditional materials are still widely used in ship manufacturing at present, but the development of new materials gradually brings in new inspirations of ship design and its performance optimizing recently. This paper aims to provide new strategies for vibration and sound reduction of ships from a material standpoint. Several kinds of popular new materials including new damping material, negative Poisson's ratio material, giant magnetostrictive material, functionally graded material, phononic crystal and phononic glass are introduced. Their working theories, current research progress worldwide and the prospects of application on vibration and sound reduction of ships are stated in detail. Hope this overview can be a reference to new materials' applications on the ship design in the near future.
2016,38(12): 1-8 收稿日期：2016-03-02
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7619.2016.12.001
分类号：TB3
作者简介：朱竑祯(1991-),女,博士研究生,主要研究方向为复合材料力学。
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