采用有限元法对复合材料上层建筑分段吊装过程进行力学分析并提出合理的吊装方案以控制吊装过程中的变形和应力。考虑到复合材料上层建筑的特点，建立钢骨架和复合材料壳板组成的有限元模型，分析不同起吊约束对上层建筑变形的影响；选取偏于保守的约束条件，进行加载求解。通过计算，对分段结构进行合理加强，确保上层建筑在吊装过程中不发生过大的变形和应力。结合工艺要求，提出4种吊装方案，计算每种吊装方案下上层建筑分段的强度与刚度特性，优选出较为合理的吊装方案。在此基础上还将上层建筑简化为钢骨架模型，分析钢骨架的变形和应力，进一步验证吊装方的合理性，并校核连接钢骨架和复合材料板格的螺栓强度，结合工程实际给出了最优的吊装方案。
To control the deformation and stress of the lifting subsection, the finite element method is used to analyze the composite superstructure subsection and the reasonable lifting plans are put forward. Considering the characteristics of composite materials superstructure, under different constraint conditions, the response of superstructure is studied. To avoid problems of large deformation and stress in the process of lifting, the hoisting structures are modified and reinforced reasonably after calculation. For the four hoisting plans, the strength and rigidity characteristics of the superstructures are calculated correspondingly and the reasonable lifting schemes are chosen. To verify the different lifting schemes, the steel frames which are simplified from the composite superstructure block are calculated. The strength of bolts are checked. Combining with practical engineering, the optimal lifting scheme is given at last.
2017,39(2): 42-47 收稿日期：2016-05-06
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7619.2017.02.008
分类号：U663.1
基金项目：船舶预研支撑技术基金资助项目（13J1.3.2）
作者简介：胡剑(1978-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为船舶结构力学。
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