三聚氰胺泡沫是一种性能优良的多孔吸声材料。利用NOVA软件对三聚氰胺泡沫的吸声特性进行分析。首先将数值计算得到的多孔材料吸声系数与实测值比较，证明NOVA的预报结果具有可靠性。接着，分析了3种常见多孔材料的吸声系数曲线。最后，以材料厚度、密度、孔隙率和背面空腔厚度4个参数为因素，每个因素取4个水平，选用L16（45）正交表进行正交试验，找到了使材料平均吸声系数最高的因素水平组合，并通过方差分析发现，材料厚度和背后空腔厚度是影响三聚氰胺泡沫吸声性能的主要因素。
Melamine foam is a kind of excellent porous absorption material. The sound absorption characteristics of melamine foam were analyzed by NOVA. Firstly, the calculated sound absorption coefficient of the porous material was compared with the measured value, which validated the result predicted by NOVA. Then, the absorption coefficient curves of three common porous materials were analyzed. Finally, four parameters, material thickness, density, porosity and thickness of back cavity were taken as the factors. Four levels were selected for each factor. Orthogonal experiment was carried out using L16(45) orthogonal array. The combination of the levels which make the average sound absorption coefficient the highest is found. Through the analysis of variance, it is clear that the thickness of material and back cavity are the main factors affecting the sound absorption performance of melamine foam.
2017,39(2): 61-64,74 收稿日期：2016-12-08
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7619.2017.02.012
分类号：TB535
作者简介：张锦岚(1963-),男,研究员,研究方向为舰船总体、结构及性能设计。
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