半波振子天线作为小功率的海面双向天线时，缩短效应导致的失配损耗成为亟需改善的问题。基于感应电动势法，提出现有自由空间中缩短长度计算公式不能在非自由空间中适用的观点，并给出对称振子天线在非自由空间环境中的缩短效应优化方法。在海面环境的对称振子天线中对该方法进行应用与验证。制作天线实物，通过实验与理论推导、仿真计算相互印证。结果表明，基于非自由空间缩短效应的海面天线优化方法，使得海面上的对称振子天线在工作频率处于谐振状态，降低了天线因不匹配造成的功率损失，提高了天线增益。
When the half-wave dipole antenna is used as a low-power bidirectional sea surface antenna, the mismatch loss caused by the shortening effect becomes an urgent problem to be improved. Based on the induction electromotive force method, this paper proposes that the existing formulas for shortening length calculation in free space cannot be applied in non-free space, and proposes an optimization method for shortening effect of the symmetrical dipole antenna in non-free space. The method is applied and verified in a symmetrical dipole antenna in the sea surface environment. The actual antenna is made and verified by experiments, theoretical derivation, and simulation calculation. The results show that the optimization method based on the shortening effect of non-free space makes the symmetrical dipole antenna on the sea surface in the resonant state at the operating frequency, which reduces the power loss caused by the mismatching of the antenna and improves the antenna gain.
2022,44(10): 80-83 收稿日期：2021-01-28
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.10.015
分类号：TN929.3
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41631072）；海军工程大学研究生创新基金资助项目（HGCXJJ2019015）
作者简介：李丽华(1977-)，女，博士，副教授，研究方向为无线通信
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