为了探究喷水推进器在来流含气条件下的内部瞬态流动特性，以某一喷水推进器为研究对象，通过瞬态数值计算，研究不同气相参数与叶轮进、出口面上压力脉动及叶轮径向力之间的关系。得出以下结论：随着进口含气量升高，进口面各监测点时域曲线振荡频率加快，轮毂监测点振荡幅度减小，主频振幅先增大后减小；中间监测点振荡幅度和主频振幅先增大后减小，轮缘处监测点振幅和主频振幅均减小。出口面各监测点时域曲线波动规律性减弱，主频振幅均减小；随着气泡直径增大，进口面各监测点时域曲线振荡频率未发生明显改变，但振荡振幅明显增大，进口面轮毂与中间位置处监测点主频振幅先增大后减小，轮缘处监测点主频振幅变化规律相反；出口面各监测点时域曲线变化规律与进口面一致，但主频振幅变化规律各不相同；相同航速下两相流叶轮径向力较纯水时增加，同时随着航速升高、进口含气量及气泡直径增大，径向力增大，径向力脉动曲线振荡频率加快，振荡幅度增加。
In order to explore the internal transient flow characteristics of a water jet propulsion with air in the inlet flow, the relationship between different air phase parameters and the pressure pulsation on the inlet and outlet surfaces of the impeller and the radial force of the impeller was studied by means of transient numerical calculation.The conclusions are as follows: with the increase of air content in the inlet, the oscillation frequency of the time domain curve of each monitoring point on the inlet surface accelerates, the oscillation amplitude of the hub monitoring point decreases, and first,the amplitude of the main frequency increases and then decreases.The amplitude of oscillation and main frequency at the middle monitoring point increase first and then decrease, and the amplitude of monitoring point and main frequency at the rim both decrease.The fluctuation regularity of the time domain curve of each monitoring point on the outlet surface weakens, and the amplitude of the main frequency decreases.With the increase of bubble diameter, the oscillation frequency of the time domain curve of each monitoring point on the inlet surface does not have significant change, but obviously, the oscillation amplitude increases. The amplitude of the main frequency of the monitoring point at the hub and the middle of the inlet surface increases first and then decreases, and the variation of the main frequency amplitude of the monitoring point at the rim is opposite.The variation law of time domain curve of each monitoring point on the outlet surface is consistent with that on the inlet surface, but the variation law of dominant frequency amplitude is different.At the same speed, the radial force of the two-phase impeller increases compared with that of pure water. At the same time, the radial force increases with the increase of speed, air content and bubble diameter, and the oscillation frequency of the radial force pulsation curve accelerates and the oscillation amplitude increases.
2023,45(1): 24-30 收稿日期：2021-12-27
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.01.005
分类号：U664；TJ810.3
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51879120)
作者简介：潘中永(1973-),男,博士,副研究员,主要从事流体机械及工程研究
