为探明宽大结构局部冰压特征，本文采用塔形框架加载装置和分布式压力传感器研究模型冰挤压失效模式下的冰压演化行为。结果表明，冰的非同时破坏进程可引起冰压显著的集中效应和随机效应，基于“事件-最大值”法提取冰压-加载面积特征点并对其进行指数分布包络拟合,统计典型超越概率下冰压-加载面积函数关系，形成对冰压分布及概率特征的数学表达。本文研究结果可为宽大结构冰压设计提供参考。
To investigate the feature of local ice pressure on the wide structure, the evolution behavior of ice pressure of model ice under the compressive failure mode using a loading tower of frame style and distributed pressure sensors is studied. The results show that the nonsimultaneous failure process of ice contributes to the significant concentration effect and random effect of ice pressure. The feature points of pressure-area are extracted based on event-maximum method and an exponential distribution is enveloped for the data. And the function relationship between the ice pressure and loading area under the typical probability of exceedance is counted. Then the mathematical expression of distribution and probability of ice pressure is achieved. The research results of this paper may be referred for the design of ice pressure of wide structure.
2023,45(17): 48-52 收稿日期：2022-05-29
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.17.009
分类号：U661.42；P751
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52101331, 52192690, 52192694)；工信部高技术船舶科研项目[2021-342]
作者简介：孔帅(1990-),男,博士,工程师,研究方向为极地装备力学性能数值预报与试验评估技术
参考文献：
[1] TIMCO G W, SUDOM D. Revisiting the Sanderson pressure–area curve: Defining parameters that influence ice pressure[J]. Cold Region Science and Technology, 2013, 96: 53–66
[2] TIMCO G, JOHNSTON M. Ice Loads on the Caisson Structures in the Canadian Beaufort Sea[J]. Cold Region Science and Technology, 2004, 38: 185–209
[3] TAYLOR R, JORDAAN I, Li L, et al. Local design pressure for structures in ice: analysis of full-scale data[J]. Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, 2010, 132: 1–7
[4] SODHI D S. Nonsimultaneous crushing during edge indentation of freshwater ice sheets[J]. Cold Region Science and Technology, 1998, 27: 179–195
[5] SHAMAEI F, BERGSTROM M, Li F, et al. Local pressures for ships in ice: Probabilistic analysis of full-scale line-load data[J]. Marine Structures, 2020, 74: 102822
[6] RITCH R, FREDERKING R, Johnston M, et al. Local ice pressures measured on a strain gauge panel during the CCGS Terry Fox bergy bit impact study[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2008, 52(1): 29–49
[7] 黄焱, 马高强, 孙剑桥. 船-冰碰撞载荷时间历程的模型试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(4): 12–19 HUANG Y, MA G Q, SUN J Q. A model test study on the time history of ship-ice impact loads[J]. Journal of Shock and Vibration, 2019, 38(4): 12–19
[8] 刘璐, 曹晶, 张志刚, 等. 冰区航行中船体结构冰压力分布特性的离散元分析[J]. 船舶力学, 2021, 25(4): 453–461 LIU L, CAO J, ZHANG Z G, et al. DEM analysis for the distribution of ice pressure on ship hull during navigating in ice regions[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2021, 25(4): 453–461
[9] DEMPSEY J P, PALMER A C, SODHI D S. High pressure zone formation during compressive ice failure[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2001, 68: 1961–1974
[10] SODHI D S, TAKEUCHI T, NAKAZAWA N, et al. Medium-scale indentation tests on sea ice at various speeds[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 1998, 28: 161–182
[11] WELLS J, JORDAAN I, DERRADJI-AOUAT A, et al. Small-scale laboratory experiments on the indentation failure of polycrystalline ice in compression: Main results and pressure distribution[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2011, 65: 314–325
[12] MÄÄTTÄNEN M, MARJANAARA P, SAARINEN S, et al. Ice crushing tests with variable structural flexibility[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2011, 67: 120–128
[13] 田于逵, 季少鹏, 王迎晖, 等. CSSRC小型冰水池中海冰模拟与测试研究[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2021, 40(2): 277–286 TIAN Y K, JI S P, WANG Y H, et al. Sea Ice Simulation and Measurement Research in Small Ice Basin of CSSRC[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2021, 40(2): 277–286
[14] PAMER A C, DEMPSEY J P, MASTERSON D M. A revised ice pressure-area curve and a fracture mechanics explanation[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2009, 56: 73–76
[15] JORDAAN I, MAES M, BROWN P, et al. Probabilistic analysis of local ice pressure[J]. Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 1993, 115: 83-89.
[16] SUOMINEN M, KUJALA P. Variation in short-term ice-induced load amplitudes on a ship's hull and related probability distributions[J]. Cold regions science and technology, 2014, 106: 131–140
[17] SUYUTHIA, LEIRA B J, RISKA K. Short term extreme statistics of local ice loads on ship hulls[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2012, 82: 130–143
[18] KOTILAINEN M, VANHATALO J, SUOMINEN M, et al. Predicting ice-induced load amplitudes on ship bow conditional on ice thickness and ship speed in the Baltic Sea[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2017, 135: 116–126
[19] International Organization for Standardization. ISO 19906: 2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries-Arctic offshore structures [S]. Europe: ISO, 2010.
