本文基于Voronoi原理对不规则几何形状和随机厚度的三维碎冰进行参数化设计，并且采用Ls-dyna流固耦合方法对船体的首柱倾角、外倾角和水线进角这3个参数进行改变，数值仿真并分析船舶所受的碎冰阻力。发现较小的首柱倾角使海冰下压的能力增强，冰层较容易发生弯曲破坏，有利于增强极地破冰船的破冰性能。较大的水线进角增强了船首排开碎冰的能力，有利于增强极地破冰船的破冰能力。破冰船首所受碎冰阻力并非单纯地随着外倾角的增减而呈现出单调变化，而是一种波动性变化规律。
In this paper, based on Voronoi principle, parametric design is carried out for 3D crushed ice with irregular geometry and random thickness, and Ls-dyna fluid structure coupling method is used to change the three parameters of the bow column inclination, camber and waterline angle of entry of the hull, and numerical simulation and analysis of the crushed ice resistance suffered by the ship. It is found that the smaller stem angle increases the ability of sea ice to depress, and the ice layer is more prone to bending failure, which is conducive to enhancing the ice breaking performance of polar icebreakers. The larger angle of entry of the waterline enhances the ability of the bow to discharge ice, which is conducive to enhancing the ice breaking ability of polar ice breakers. The ice breaking resistance of the bow of the icebreaker does not simply show a monotonous change with the increase or decrease of the camber, but a law of fluctuation.
2023,45(20): 32-39 收稿日期：2022-10-7
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.20.006
分类号：U674.21
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51509114）；江苏省基础研究计划（自然科学基金）资助项目（BK2012696，BK2009722）
作者简介：张宇(1997-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为船体冰载荷
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