针对水空跨域航行器在水面垂直起飞时出现的推力损失问题，开展实验测试航行器150 mm直径涵道推进器在距离水面0.1～0.5 m高度垂直推进状态下的推力特性。为分析涵道推进器的近水面推力损失机理，采用多相流计算流体动力学（CFD）仿真对涵道推进器近水面垂直推进工况下的流场进行模拟。仿真发现，推进器尾流冲击水面形成的气水混合物被推进器吸入，使推进器周围空气流动进入不稳定的涡环状态。推进器近水面运转时与空气中同转速下相比产生了推力损失，随着近水面高度的增大，反弹气流的影响减弱，推力损失逐渐减小。
Based on the problem of thrust loss of a water-air cross-domain vehicle when taking off/landing from water surface, the thrust characteristics of the ducted propeller in vertical state in the range from 0.1m to 0.5 m above water surface was tested by some experiments. In order to analyze the near-surface thrust loss mechanisms of the propeller, flow fields of the ducted propeller near the water surface in vertical state are simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with multiphase flow model. According to the results of the simulations, rebound air-water mixture formed by the wake of propeller impacting water surface is absorbed in by the propeller, so that the propeller enters a kind of unstable vortex ring state. Compared with the same speed in the air, there is thrust loss when the ducted propeller is near water surface in vertical state. As the height from water surface increasing, the influence of the rebound air flow weakens and the thrust loss gradually decreases.
2023,45(20): 67-73 收稿日期：2022-8-1
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.20.012
分类号：V211.45
作者简介：赵一峰(1995-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为跨域航行器动力学建模与仿真
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