舰艇作为大型复杂作战装备，在遭受不同威胁和攻击下的损伤难易程度是必须回答的问题。目前大型舰艇装备易损性研究存在目标模型构建困难、毁伤准则难以全面覆盖、毁伤逻辑表征定量手段不足、薄弱环节界定不清、毁伤等级确定侧重点不同、多学科交织结果验证困难等研究难题。通过系统整理分析国外在易损性组织管理、技术方法和工具手段等多方面研究现状，可有助于科学、规范开展舰艇易损性研究工作，支撑装备生命力设计和防护研究，服务装备试验鉴定和毁伤效能评估。
As a large and complex combat equipment, the difficulty of damage to ships under different threats and attacks is a question that must be answered. At present, research on the vulnerability of large-scale warship equipment has difficulty in constructing target models, difficulty in comprehensively covering damage criteria, insufficient quantitative means of damage logic representation, unclear definition of weak links, different emphases in determining damage levels, and verification hard due to interdisciplinary research. Systematically sorting out and analyzing foreign achievements in vulnerability organization management, technical methods, and tools can help scientifically and standardizedly carry out ship vulnerability research, support equipment test evaluation and weapons damage effectiveness assessment.
2024,46(12): 182-189 收稿日期：2024-02-21
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.12.033
分类号：U674.7
作者简介：王琪(1988-),女,高级工程师,主要从事毁伤评估、易损性研究
参考文献：
[1] DANA D. DoD Instruction 8531. 01, DoD Vulnerability management [EB/OL].https://www.esd.whs.mil/DD/, 2020.
[2] PIPERAKIS A S. An integrated approach to naval ship survivability in preliminary ship design[D]. University College London (University of London), 2013.
[3] GARY L G. Vulnerability risk assessment[EB/OL]. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA378836, 2000.
[4] Department of The Navy Office of The Chief of Naval Operations, Navy Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures Maritime Operations Center, NTTP 3–32.1[M/OL]. Lulu.com, 2018.
[5] MOLINA M I C. A Damage assessment model for surface engagement for missile and gunfire[J/OL]. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID: 109236486, 1982.
[6] Joint Chiefs Of Staff.Joint training course, collateral damage estimation course, joint targeting school [EB/OL]. https://www.esd.whs.mil/DD/, 2015.
[7] ANDERSON C M. Generalized weapon effectiveness modeling[J]. Thesis Collection, 2004.
[8] BROWNLOW L C, GOODRUM C J, SYPNIEWSKI M J, et al. A multilayer network approach to vulnerability assessment for early-stage naval ship design programs[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2021, 225(12): 108731.
[9] ATASEVEN K, HÜSEYIN Y. On the assessment of survivability of surface combatants[J]. Journal of Naval Sciences and Engineering, 2019, 15(1): 63–89.
[10] LILLIS J A. Analysis of the applicability of aircraft vulnerability assessment and reduction techniques to small surface craft[D]. monterey california naval postgraduate school, 2002.
[11] JANSEN A C H, Duchateau E A E, KANA A A. Towards a novel design perspective for system vulnerability using a Markov chain[C]//Proceedings of the International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition (INEC). IMarEST, 2018.
