为研究船舶船首结构结构优化方案，根据一条极地区域航行集装箱船数据，在有限元软件中对其进行1∶1精准建模，构建满足均化弹塑性的本构层冰模型。与本船的有限元模型进行数值模拟，研究碰撞过程的船首变形情况与结构吸能变化，随后对于不同工况进行结果对比分析，研究不同优化结构下船冰碰撞对船首部的影响。结果显示，优化后加了套板的船首受力与变形大小相较于原本船首减少许多，套板吸走了碰撞后的部分能量，使得碰撞区域产生的力小部分被套板承受，且使层冰破裂，使得后面船体部分与碎冰碰撞，船首受到的力变小，损伤与变形也就更小。研究发现套板厚度越厚、内部结构越多，其吸收的能量就越多，从而对于船首的保护就越好。
In order to study the optimization scheme of the bow structure of the container ship, according to the ship sailing in a polar region, it is accurately modeled one-to-one in the finite element software, and the constituent layer ice model that meets the homogenization elastoplastic is constructed, and the numerical simulation is carried out with the finite element model of the ship, the bow deformation and structural energy absorption changes in the collision process are studied, and then the results are compared and analyzed under different working conditions to study the influence of ship ice collision on the bow under different optimized structures. The results show that the force and deformation size of the bow with the sleeve after optimization are much reduced compared with the original bow, and the sleeve absorbs part of the energy after the collision, so that the force generated in the collision area is borne by the covering, and the layer ice is broken, so that the hull part behind collides with the crushed ice, the force on the bow becomes smaller, and the damage and deformation are smaller. Studies have found that the thicker the sleeve and the more internal structure absorbs more energy, the better the protection of the bow.
2024,46(16): 17-22 收稿日期：2023-10-18
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.16.003
分类号：U661.4
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51979130，52201323）
作者简介：张健（1977 – ）男，博士，教授，研究方向为船舶与海洋结构物抗冰载荷性能
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