由于海底环境并不具备连续稳定的电力供应，使得传感器节点通常依赖于有限的内部能量，而船舶在海底的动态位置会令节点密度布局变得更加复杂，从而导致WSN节点能量消耗不均衡。为此，提出考虑船舶动态位置的海底WSN节点能耗控制算法。建立海底WSN结构模型，利用多项式卡尔曼滤波器预测船舶轨迹；划分海底WSN簇结构，动态调整各簇的节点数量，控制海底WSN节点密度，建立船舶位置动态变化能耗模型，估算各簇节点在不同时间段的能耗需求，使其均衡消耗WSN节点能量，从而实现节点能耗控制。实验结果表明，本文算法应用后，有效平衡了节点能耗，保持连通性和覆盖性，提高海底WSN整体性能，稳定运行时间更长且失效节点增长较稳定。
Due to the lack of continuous and stable power supply in the seabed environment, sensor nodes usually rely on limited internal energy, and the dynamic location of ships on the seabed makes the node density layout more complex, resulting in unbalanced energy consumption of WSN nodes. Therefore, an energy consumption control algorithm for submarine WSN nodes considering ship dynamic position is proposed. The submarine WSN structure model is established, and the ship trajectory is predicted by polynomial Kalman filter. The submarine WSN cluster structure is divided, the number of nodes in each cluster is dynamically adjusted, the density of submarine WSN nodes is controlled, the energy consumption model of dynamic change of ship position is established, the energy consumption demand of each cluster node in different time periods is estimated, and the energy consumption of WSN nodes is balanced, so as to achieve node energy consumption control. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm effectively balances node energy consumption, maintains connectivity and coverage, improves the overall performance of subsea WSN, and has a longer stable running time and a stable growth of failed nodes.
2024,46(16): 148-152 收稿日期：2024-04-12
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.16.024
分类号：TP393
基金项目：山东省船舶控制工程与智能系统工程技术研究中心科研专项资金项目（SSCC20230004）
作者简介：张传聪（1988 – ），男，硕士，讲师，研究方向为无线传感器网络、信息系统项目管理
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