不同水下爆炸条件下船体冲击振动响应不同，为获取水中沉底爆炸作用下船体冲击振动响应特征，对水下爆炸试验测量的压力和船体冲击加速度数据进行对比分析，然后采用小波分析方法对目标舰船舱底和甲板的加速度响应信号进行分解重构，得到不同甲板层在不同时频下的加速度峰值和能量分布。分析结果显示，在装药沉底非接触爆炸作用下，目标舰船冲击振动响应主要受冲击波和滞后流作用影响，二次压力波影响很小；从舱底到甲板振动能量向低频段转移；舱底156 Hz以上频段能量占95%，以中高频响应为主；甲板78～20 Hz频段能量占比77%，以中低频响应为主。
The impact vibration response of the ship hull varies under different underwater explosion conditions. In order to obtain the characteristics of the impact vibration response of the ship hull under the action of underwater bottom explosion, the pressure and ship hull impact acceleration data measured in underwater explosion tests were compared and analyzed. Then, wavelet analysis method was used to decompose and reconstruct the acceleration response signals of the target ship's bilge and deck, and obtain the peak acceleration and energy distribution of different deck layers at different time frequencies. The analysis results show that under the action of non-contact explosion at the bottom of the charge, the impact vibration response of the target ship is mainly affected by shock waves and hysteresis flow, and the influence of secondary pressure waves is very small; Transfer of vibration energy from the bottom to the deck to the low-frequency range; 95% of the energy in the frequency band above 156 Hz at the bottom of the cabin is dominated by mid to high frequency response; The energy in the 78~20 Hz frequency band on the deck accounts for 77%, with the main response being medium to low frequencies.
2024,46(20): 1-4 收稿日期：2023-12-28
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.20.001
分类号：UTJ06
作者简介：张姝红(1971-),女,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为水下爆炸测量
参考文献：
[1] 李国华, 李玉节, 张效慈, 等. 气泡运动与舰船设备冲击振动关系的试验验证[J]. 船舶力学, 2005, 9(1): 98-105.
[2] 谢耀国, 崔洪斌, 李新飞, 等. 水下爆炸条件下自由场压力载荷时频特性分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2016, 11(2): 27-32, 50.
[3] 金 辉, 张庆明, 郑长允. 装药水下沉底爆炸压力场特性研究[J]. 科技导报2009, 27(14): 32-37.
[4] 姚熊亮, 杨文山, 陈娟, 等. 沉底水雷爆炸威力的数值计算[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2011, 31(2): 173-178.
[5] 顾文彬, 阳天海, 叶序双, 等. 单个装药浅层水中沉底爆炸的数值模拟[J]. 解放军理工大学学报, 2000(3): 51-55.
[6] 郅斌伟, 张志江, 马硕, 等. 水底爆炸冲击波峰值压力数值仿真[J]. 爆破, 2011, 26(1): 22-28.
[7] 杨莉, 汪玉, 杜志鹏, 等. 沉底装药水下爆炸冲击波传播规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2013, 34(1): 100-104.
[8] 张姝红, 金辉. 大当量集团装药水中沉底爆炸特性试验研究[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2023, 347(5): 199-202.
[9] 温华兵, 张健, 尹群, 等. 基于小波变换的水下爆炸压力时频特征分析[J]. 振动、测试与诊断, 2008, 28(6): 199-203.
[10] 谢宇超, 周海滨, 陶妍. 基于小波分解的水中电爆炸冲击波波形重建方法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(5): 149-153.
