基于CONVERGE软件搭建了定容弹喷雾模型，采用试验和仿真相结合的方法对高压共轨生物柴油混合燃料喷雾特性进行研究，分析不同喷射压力、环境背压和喷孔直径下喷雾特性的影响规律。结果表明，燃油喷雾锥角在喷射压力和环境背压的关系规律上相同，喷射压力越高或者环境背压越大，喷雾锥角越大；喷射压力越大或者背压越低，燃油喷雾贯穿距越大，喷油压力为180 MPa时的喷雾贯穿距比120 MPa时的大8.75%，背压6 MPa时的喷雾贯穿距比2 MPa时的减小30%；喷雾贯穿距随喷孔直径的增大而增大，而喷雾锥角在前期受影响较小，趋于稳定时数值增大；油束前锋速度随着生物柴油含量的增加而增大；燃油喷射前期，喷油压力高的油束头部速度较大，喷射后期，喷油压力为130 MPa时的油束前锋速度比90 MPa时的小26.1%。
Based on the CONVERGE software, a constant volume bomb spray model was constructed, and a combination of experimental and simulation methods was used to study the spray characteristics of the high-pressure common-rail biodiesel blends, and to analyze the effects of different injection pressures, ambient back pressures and spray hole diameters on the spray characteristics. The results show that: the fuel spray cone angle is the same in the relationship between injection pressure and ambient back pressure, the higher the injection pressure or the higher the ambient back pressure, the larger the spray cone angle; the higher the injection pressure or the lower the back pressure, the larger the fuel spray penetration distance, the spray penetration distance is 8.75% larger than that of the injection pressure of 180 MPa when compared with that of the injection pressure of 120 MPa, and the spray penetration distance is 30% smaller than that of the spray penetration distance of the spray hole of the spray hole of the spray hole of the spray hole of the spray hole of the spray hole of the fuel of the fuel of the common rail biodiesel blends. The spray penetration distance increases with the increase of the diameter of the spray orifice, while the spray cone angle is less affected in the early stage, and the value increases when it tends to be stabilized; spray front velocity increases with the increase of biodiesel content; in the early stage of fuel injection, spray front velocity with high injection pressure is larger, and in the late stage of injection, spray front velocity with an injection pressure of 130 MPa is smaller than that at 90 MPa by 26.1%.
2025,47(2): 132-137 收稿日期：2024-4-23
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.02.022
分类号：TK421
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51879629）；海军工程大学自主立项资助项目（2022502050）
作者简介：罗丽（1988 – ），女，硕士，讲师，研究方向为燃油喷雾特性数值模拟
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