流噪声的降低对水下航行器的隐蔽性提升、主动声呐系统探测能力的提高具有重要意义。首部作为水下航行器主要构成部分，其线型设计的优劣直接关系到流噪声性能和声呐系统工作环境的好坏。基于大涡模拟（LES）的流场计算结果，采用ACTRAN这一声学软件对2种不同头部线型、不同速度、不同攻角、不同监测点处的流噪声性能进行研究。分析研究发现，水下航行器流噪声能量主要集中在低频段，随着速度的增大而增大。在速度、攻角相同的情况下，头部端面半径小、头部长度较长的模型具有较好的流噪声性能。在同一模型下，头部驻点处的流噪声比头部端面一定半径处任何点的流噪声要小。将数值模拟与水下航行器流噪声特性水洞试验研究进行对比，两者得到的结论一致。
The decrease of flow-induced noise plays an important role in acoustic stealth condition of underwater vehicle and active sonar detection performance. The design of Underwater vehicle head, the important organ of underwater vehicle, directly affects the flow-induced noise performance and working circumstance of sonar. Based on the result of Large Eddy Simulation (LES), two different head lines are selected to research their flow-induced noise at different velocities, different incident angles and different testing point positions, by using software ACTRAN. Several conclusions are drawn through analysis. Flow-induced noise energy mainly concentrates on low frequency and increases with the increasing of velocity of underwater vehicle. At the same velocity and angle, underwater vehicle head with smaller radius and longer length owns a better flow-induced noise performance. For the same model, compared with other positions of front-section, the flow-induced noise overall sound pressure level of stagnation point is the smallest. Comparing numerical simulations with the Water-Tunnel experiment about Flow-Noise, the same conclusion can be drawn.
2017,(): 14-19 收稿日期：2017-07-24
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2017.12.004
分类号：TP391
基金项目：船舶振动噪声重点实验室资助项目（9140C280105150C28001）
作者简介：张磊(1988-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为流体力学、水动力噪声
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